Index -> Playing the Game -> Execution Phase -> Production Phase
In this phase, each planet a player controls gets a number of build points equal to its current production value. If a planet is blockaded, it gets only half that number of build points, rounded down.
Typically, only industrial planets have production. Each minor industrial planet has a base production value of 2. Each homeworld begins the game with a production value of 5, though this decreases over the course of a game (as described under Resolving the Vote).